Sound Body Free Essays

A sound body is the most splendid treasure a man can cherish. A sound body means that you are so splendidly strong and well that you can bear the roughest experiences without becoming ill. The body is a living thing to be put out in the air and the sunshine. We will write a custom essay sample on Sound Body or any similar topic only for you Order Now The more roughly you treat your body, the stronger will it be. Physical harmony is an index and expression of a harmonious mind. If one wants to build up one’s mind, one must build up first the body. Man has a body as well as a mind. So intimate is the relationship between the two that the neglect of one is bound to have adverse effect on the other. And so, a harmonious development of both, or, in other words, a sound mind in a sound body should be the aim of every man. The mind and the body are inter-related, so that the health of one is the health of the other, and the ills of one are the ills of the other. The sounder the body, the sounder the mind that resides in it. A healthy man is always happy. He feels inclined to work. He feels inclined to serve others. A man with a sound body is full of optimism. He goes ahead. He presses on and on. Nothing can daunt him. Nothing can handicap him and nothing can frustrate him. He is enthusiastic and energetic. He radiates health, hope and happiness wherever he goes. He is loved and liked by one and all. He makes friends wherever he goes. He moves mountains. He gets over all difficulties and hurdles. His strong mind fears none. The mind of a man with shattered body and health is always full of pessimism and sorrow. He has no heart to do anything. He likes to mope and whine in a corner. He tells his sad tale of woe to everybody he meets. He has no hope and sunshine to scatter. Life has no charm for him. He is sick of it. He feels disgusted with it. His mind is diseased. His enthusiasm is dead. He is no better than a dead man. A child has a sound body and consequently a sound mind. He is always happy. He smiles his way into the heart of everybody. Everybody feels drawn and attracted towards him. Who does not want to love and fondle him? Who does not like to kiss his sweet, angelic face? His very sight, his movements, his innocent prattle, fill even the gloomiest heart with joy. On the other hand, take the case of an old man, with shattered health, toothless mouth, sunken eyes and shriveled skin. He always talks of death. He is completely disillusioned. For him the world is a vale of tears. He does not like his own wife and children. He has no taste for anything. He condemns one and all. Only a man with a sound body can enjoy real contentment and true peace of mind. A man with a diseased body is never in a happy and contented state of mind. He is always complaining and grumbling. His mind is seldom at peace. For him life is a burden. A man may be very rich but he cannot enjoy his riches if he is always sick. A judge may be very able but he cannot play his part efficiently if he is constantly worried by one bodily ailment or another. The head of a State may be the ablest man in the world but he cannot function effectively if he is constantly tormented by some disease. A doctor may be the best physician or surgeon but he is of no use to society if due to his illness, he cannot attend to his work in the hospital for more than two days in a week. However rich or educated a person may be, if he is physically harassed, life becomes something of a burden to him. â€Å"A nation of healthy and bright young men and women is an asset to our modern human civilization. Citizens of tomorrow, as the students of today are called, shall have to combine a healthy physique with a healthy intellect. The trophies of success have been won by those young men and women who laid emphasis on oft-quoted dictum ‘healthy body healthy mind’. â€Å" How to cite Sound Body, Essay examples

Corporate Social Responsibility World Business Council For Developmen

Question: Discuss about theCorporate Social Responsibilityfor World Business Council For Development. Answer: Introduction Corporate is a word that can be used to mean organizations or companies. Corporate social responsibility(CSR), according to the World Business Council For Development (1999) CSR is an ongoing obligation by industry to perform morally and add to fiscal advancement while improving the value of life of the personnel and their families together with that of local population and society at large. According to European Commission Green Paper (2001) CSR is companys voluntary input to society and atmosphere. CSR is meeting within the practical means the outlooks of all stakeholders to exploit the companys constructive image on its social and physical surroundings (Logan.et.al, 2003). According to Pearce (2000) feminist theory is key in business procedure because it defines CSR as a focus on ethic of care. This theory of the philanthropic corporate citizenship assumes that a corporate has a conscience and concern to needy individuals and groups within the setting it operates in. It focuses on trails of close relationships such as sympathy, compassion and friendship. This theory explains why most business engages in benevolent programmes and activities. Halima, (2005) tinted that CSR is a way of doing commerce by which managers internalize outside factors. He further points out that, when CSR is carried out well this procedure generates bigger profits in the short-term through improvement, in the average term through status in the long- term by developing new markets and awaiting new rules. Commenting on CSR versus performance, Halima state that CSR is related to presentation of the business. He further noted that businesss first social accountability is good performance leading to high profit to the owners after which it can use CSR as another business tool. Moses and Benham are of the view that, CSR activities are organizations obligation to reducing damage or getting rid of injurious effects and exploiting its long-term outcome on the society. Their make included an action like behaving ethically treating employees fairly and minimizing damages on environment. This would mean a social accountable company will include considering the effects of its action on someone and anything whether directly or indirectly. In conclusion CSR will mean corporate have tasks to the civilization that goes past the making of goods and services at a profit and it is the stakeholder alone. Corporate have the job to help the society solve vital social problems by devoting resources for them. Discussion This research identifies the dimension of CSR through 3 main aspects of CSR relative to the factors affecting customers support of socially accountable behavior companies in various countries. The higher outlooks for the Legal CSR will be definitely linked to the customers support of socially accountable behavior for companies, elevated prospects for the ethical charitable CSR will be certainly related to the customers support of socially responsible behavior of companies and higher expectations for the economic CSR will be absolutely related to the customers support of publicly responsible behavior of companies. According to Njoroge Jane Gakenia, (2009) ethical behavior is a prerequisite for all business which means functioning within the appropriate laws. Take an example of the guiding principle established by the Co-operative Bank; it has made a public assurance not to spend in any government or industry that does not endorse human rights and to steer clear of arms industrialized and animal testing some might argue that this means limiting growth. Anursorn and Kiran claim that companies use different other approaches in gauging perceptions on ethic issues and company problems. Outcomes show that distinctions in apparent significance of ethics and social duty among marketers of different nations exist because of country disparities in culture, financial growth and lawful or political milieu; distinctions in organizational ethical environment; and gender differences. Maignan, I. and O.C. Farrell (2000) asserts that, in most cases, the supporters of stakeholder view disagree that paying consideration to the rights, needs and interests of many stakeholders of a company is a useful way of inculcating socially responsible behavior among many corporations. Smith, N. C. found that the outcomes from the lone case investigation are mirrored in larger studies of Hong Kong organizations that show low level social reporting. There is a possibility to enlarge the content analysis of public reports and carry out interviews with the top management of other Hong Kong-based organizations to look at the reasons behind the disinclination to participate in HR reporting. Welford R. (2005) stated that various researchers emphasized on the social accountability and significance for outsiders such as shareholders, customers and other stakeholders, and the consequence on business, standing and performance. Scholtens, L. J. R. and Dam, L. (2007) stated that first on affects the behaviors of their constituency including their perception of CSR. Whitcomb, L. L., Erdener, C. B., and Li, C. et al. (1998) stated that Chinese social setting have been altered considerably, those shifts must persuade Chinese employees work values, there is a big dissimilarity in implementing Corporate Social Responsibility in different nations; this disparity is culture and ethical reasoning. Joyner B. E. and Payne, claimed that the agreement is that the connections between values and Corporate Social Responsibility are not immaterial but rather interconnected with ethics,, and having a major impact on ethical decisions-making and ethical judgment. Values control the scope of corporations perceived CSR and are influenced by societal activities and norms or standards. Conversely, company moral or unprincipled behavior can manipulate the values held by members of the community. According to Bronn, P. S., Vironi, A. B., Matten, D. and Moon, J., in Europe, CSR problems are more unspoken in the proper or casual institutional business setting and join the list of state responsibilities and the lawful framework. The North American notion of CSR symbolizes the creative framework of the occurrence emphasizing its moral-philanthropic aspect based on probing the ethical perceptions of manager from China and the United States of America (Shafer, Lee Fukukawa, 2007). The findings revealed that, although there were key distinctions in moral perceptions between 2 countries, such differences did not survive in all situations and the pattern of some differences was clashing. For example, Chinese managers believed that moral values and social responsibility were compulsory for business to live on in the long-term. Burton, B. K., and Hergaty, W. H. (1999) found that level of CSR course in female students is more than in male students, that is to say that, females are in a position to rate higher on scales of principles and social duty than men. Tian, H. and Lu, X. H. observed that in the budding nations such as China, Corporate Social Responsibility is still in its immaturity which is still about corporate operation at the fundamental lawful point, and Chinese civilization is still struggling with issues such as corruption, labour rights, distributive justice, corporate crime, product safety and pollution. With Chinas evolution to a market economy, the weakening of the conventional business ethics and morality has attracted a lot of attention. However, the normal CSR concepts and practices are still subjugated and influenced by Western-centric attributes, which largely abandoned the effects of other cultures on CSR. Toyota is a company that manufactures a diverse variety of vehicles all over th e world. As an innovative leader, Toyota is adversely known for its management philosophy and the globes first mas-market products. Business Continuity Management (BCM) at Toyota BCM activities are delivered through organization between workers and their families, the Toyota Group company and their suppliers, and Toyota. Furthermore, each allotment and task at Toyota has formulated a recovery-based BCP (organization chart, operational flowchart, and operational procedure manual). Using this in preparation and training, the PDCA cycle is implemented and unremitting enhancement is undertaken to regularly elevate the practical efficiency of the arrangement. Through this process of formulation and review of the BCP, we aim to develop human resources with the aptitude to react to an occurrence and to build, as a routine task, a system of risk-resilient organizational structures, workplaces, and individuals. Risk Management Basic Philosophy Regarding Risk Management In retort to the sequence of summoned up issues in 2010, Toyota has been strengthening its risk management systems. A Risk Management Meeting (currently renamed Corporate Governance Meeting) was recognized in June 2010 and risk managers were appointed as part of global measures to take preventive action across the range of risk happening in business actions. Organization and Structure Toyota selected a Global Chief Risk Management Officer (CRO) to lead worldwide risk management and reputable configuration under the Global CRO to observe risks on a regular basis. This makes it possible to respond instantly in the event of an emergency. Regional CROs are selected under the Global CRO to supervise individual regions, and each area has its own risk management composition. The chief officer and secretariats of each functional division are assigned to be responsible for managing risks relating their specific functions and cooperate with regional risk managers. Promotion by Corporate Governance Meeting Since 2015, the endorsement of risk administration has been discussed at the Corporate Governance Gathering which has been set up in concurrence with organizational transformations that are proposed to incorporate CSR into administration and elevate corporate importance during management overall. The Corporate Governance Meeting is a body that deliberates on control with the aim of carrying out growth strategies that put together the value that Toyota offers with regard to numerous social issues. Two of the five annual meetings of the Corporate Governance Meeting are attended by the CRO of each region and all Senior Managing Officers and Chief Officers. This allows the meeting to lengthily recognize risks to company activities and commence precautionary measures. At the meeting, improvement and reinforcement to the risk management system of each area are recognized and grave risks are stated along with all current risk items. Reports are also made on the status of initiatives against imminent serious risks and other risks with worldwide conclusion. Companies should hearten ethicality and flexible performance in order to profit from it. Hence, company marketing should support playing a significant role in determining prospects of this kind. For a corporate marketers must put together ethical and social consideration into all levels of their companies daily practices and activities, in order to observe and fulfill the stakeholders wishes, needs, expectations, interests and behaviors, is a main concern of corporate marketing. Advantages Toyota has established the All Toyota Security Guidelines (ATSG), a set of defense on information security casing Toyota, its subsidiaries and affiliates that seeks to prevent information leaks and unauthorized access from outside, such as cyber attacks. The ATSG establishes measures in organizational, personnel, technological, and physical management and also stipulates a response system for the event of an information leak happening. We work to ensure information security from numerous approaches. Since its establishment, Toyota has endlessly strived to add to the sustainable growth of the community through the manufacture and provision of innovative and quality products and services that lead the times. Automobiles greatly enlarged the autonomy of mobility, but are also related to and affect a number of social and environmental issues. With this in mind, we listen carefully to our customers and neighbors in local communities to track our business, seeking harmony with people, soci ety, and the global setting, as well as the sustainable expansion of society through monozukuri. To progress the practicability of the Basic strategy, which give precedence to local recovery following a disaster, and to help build disaster-resilient communities, Toyota has completed disaster support agreements with home governments (October 2013: Toyota City; February 2014: Miyoshi City; March 2015: Tahara City; August 2015: Susono City). It involves the consideration of the various stakeholders and the contentment of their needs. In this study, the lawful, ethical-philanthropic and cost-effective aspects are being looked at in the prospective of the consumers. CSR initiatives also increase the companys profile to customers and investors through its activities. The use of CSR as an instrument for the long-term sustainability of the organization can also be seen through its unremitting efforts to sustain its customers base through its effort in giving back to society. Employees are also in a position to obtain fundamental principles and rights at work so that they can be in a position to tackle their work with ease even in harsh conditions. Disadvantages Though Toyota was not openly affected by recent large-scale disaster such as the Great East Japan Earthquake and the Thailand floods, their production operations were stopped which caused difficulty to clients in sales and services. References Anurson S., et al. (2001). How important are ethics and social responsibility? A multinational study of marketing professionals. European Journal of Marketing. (35:1), pg. 133-153 Bronn, P. S. and Vrioni, A. B. (2001). Corporate social responsibility and cause-related marketing: An overview. International Journal of Advertising. 20(2), pg. 207-222 Burton, B. K. and Hegarty, W. H. (1999). Some determinants of student corporate social responsibility orientation. Business and Society. 38(2), pg. 188-206 European Commission Green Paper. (2001). Promoting European Framework for CSR Brussels. July 18 Armstrong Michael (2008). 8th edition a handbook of HRM practice. Preteville Road, London. Halima W. (2002) corporate citizenship: Revisiting relationship between business good governance and sustainability. Unpublished. Kenyatta University MBA project. Joyner, B. E., et al. (2002). Building values, business ethics and corporate social responsibility into the developing organization. Journal Development Entrepreneurship. 7(1), pg. 113-131 Lu, X. H. (2009). A Chinese perspective: Business ethics in China now and in the future. Journal of Business Ethics. 86(4), pg. 451-461 Maignan, I. and Ferrell, O. C. (2004). Corporate social responsibility and marketing: An integrative framework, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. 32(1), pg. 3-19 Manivannan, A. M. P., et al. (2013). Factors affecting Corporate Social Responsibility for Socially Responsible Companies in Malaysia. American Journal of Economics. 3(2), pg. 103-107 Matten, D. and Moon J. (2004). Implicit and explicit CSR: A conceptual framework for understanding CSR in Europe. ICCSR Research Paper Series, No. 29. Moses and Benham. (2004) CSR belongs with HR Canadian HR reporter, vol 17 no.7 Njoroge, J. G. (2009). Factors Influencing Corporate Social Responsibility Programmes Among The Commercial Banks In Kenya. Nairobi, Kenya Peerce (2000) Strategic management formulation implementation and control: 7th edition. Mc Graco Hill Tnt pg. 53 Scholtens, L. J. R. and Dam, L. (2007). Cultural values and international differences in business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics. 75, pg.273-284 Shafer, W. E., et al. (2007). Values and the perceived importance of ethics and social responsibility: The U.S. versus China. Journal of Business Ethics. 70(3), pg. 265-284 Smith A. and Hume E.C. (2005). Linking culture and ethics: A comparison of accountants ethical belief systems in the individualism/collectivism and power distance contexts. Journal of Business Ethics. 62(3), pg. 209 Tian H. (2006). Corporate social responsibility and advancing mechanism. Beijing: Economy and Management Publishing House, China. Pg. 5-30 Toyota Motor Corporation, in Toyota, Aichi, Japan www.toyota-global.com/company/profile Welford, R. (2004). Corporate social responsibility in Europe and Asia: Critical elements and best practice. Journal of Corporate Citizenship. Vol. 13, pg. 31-47 Whitcomb, L. L., et al. (1998). Business ethical values in China and the U.S. Journal of Business Ethics, 86(4), 451-461

Factors Caused US Financial Crisi 2008-09 â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Factors That Caused The US Financial Crisis Of 2008-09? Answer: Introduction Economies perform differently during various business cycles; there are two cycles; the boom (peak) period where there is an accelerated growth in the economy and the burst (recession) period where there is strained economic growth. Before 2008, the performance of the US was high. Pettinger (2017) pointed out that the US economy was stable from 2000 to 2007 with a strong growth, falling unemployment and low inflation. However, despite this economic stability Pettinger noted that there were rising concerns on the growing instability on the financial marketing and credit. There was a boom in the housing industry that resulted in an increment in the aggregate consumption component of GDP. Thus the GDP recorded before the crisis was high. This paper will analyze the changes in GDP before, during and after the crisis. During the crisis, many macroeconomic indicators performance was poor; these indicators include real GDP, Inflation, Unemployment, etc. The paper will consider the actual causes of the crisis which resulted from the money supply growth. It will cover the origination of the money supply growth. This research will show that the financial crisis in the US was as a result of failure on the financial lenders and the government. Rosner (2013) pointed out that the governments regulation on lending institutions was weak. It shall analyze how each of these parties failed and the impact of each of their failures. The impacts of the financial crisis were not only felt in the USA economy but was spread to other nations; there are just a few economies that wasnt impacted by this crisis. Some of them that are financially stable were able to implement policies that led to a quick recovery while others are constrained up to date. The Factors Responsible for the Financial Crisis Loose Monetary Policy and Money Growth In the early 2000s the US economic growth was lower which stimulated the US Central Bank to lower its interest rates. Malinen (2017) argued that prior to the crisis, the US monetary policy was loose. The impact of a lower interest rate is an increased money supply since people are attracted to loans advanced by financial institutions owing to the low cost of repayment. There was thus an increased borrowing of loans and a greater growth of the money supply in the circulation. Since investors are always uncertain about the future, they decided to utilize this available capital to invest in assets that would give them returns in the future. The major asset that demand went up was that of the housing industry. Households and investors decided to utilize this availability of cheap capital to buy homes. Fig: Growth of money supply Source: Positivemoney.org (2017) The graph shows that there was a huge money creation by the banks prior to the crisis. According to Positivemoney.org (2017), money is created every time a loan is made by the banks; the money and debt amount in the US economy had doubled in a period of seven year from the advancement of the loans. Subprime Mortgage An increased demand for homes raised the demand for mortgages. Initially, financial lenders could only advance loans to prime lenders who had good credit ratings and avoided loaning the subprime borrowers. This is what had kept the housing market in a stable state. The increased demand for mortgages resulted in the financial lenders weakening their lending standards. In the period before the crisis, banks were more aggressive and their willingness to lend to the risky borrowers had gone up (Nitta, 2013). They figured out a way to make the funds available to the low-income groups through pooling. This strategy was considered less risky but no analysis was done or had been done earlier to confirm its viability. The proposal was accepted and the financial lenders started lending to the low income groups without necessarily requesting them to provide some security. Many subprime borrowers went for the loans and there was a greater supply of money to many people in this economy. The loans were advanced as mortgage home loans meant for assisting the investors and households to acquire homes and repay as they used to houses. These subprime borrowers were risky since their income level was insufficient to service the loans; the banks failed to do a sufficient check on the ability of these borrowers to repay their loans; they recklessly gave them huge loans. The government had also set a regulation towards achieving the goal of non-discrimination on the acquisition of capital because of the brackets of income. After the credit crunch, these borrowers were left with huge unpayable loan amounts. Housing Bubble The Mortgage loans advanced to the subprime borrowers enabled them to buy homes and other houses used for businesses. The mortgage loans were given at a very low interest rate and thus attracted many borrowers. Pettinger (2017) noted that the high confidence for the borrowers and a growth in bank lending facilitated the housing boom. The access of these loans by the subprime borrowers caused the homes demand to shoot upward (Muddywatermacro.wustl.edu, n.d.). The law of demand accounts for a price rise whenever demand rises. The price rise generated great profits to the investors; more homes were constructed in order to raise more profit. Many people shifted their investment to the housing market so get a share of the rising profit Fig: Uses of money created by banks prior to the crisis Source: Positivemoney.org (2017) The greatest proportion of the huge amounts of money the banks created were used for mortgages and secured loans (Mee, 2012); this was equivalent to 31% of the total money created. The 31% went to residential property and there was a further 20% that went to commercial real estate. Credit Defaults Prior to the crisis, the personal debt in the US was very high. It even exceeded the income amount and thus at some point became difficult for the borrowers. The borrowers had to repay their loans with some stated interest rate. After the housing bubble burst, the financial lenders went into huge losses because borrowers were not able to service their loans further. The subprime borrowers couldnt repay their loans; in addition, the prime borrowers could also not be able to repay their loans. There was a great challenge for the financial account lenders. What caused the global recession is that when people started defaulting on their loans, financial institutions such as banks tightened their lending behaviors; the money supply was reduced resulting in a lowered demand for homes and subsequently a fall in price. The demand law also account for a price decline on instances where demand is insufficient. The falling prices accounted for the bursting of the housing boom. The previous borr owers could keep toping up their loans to enable them to service the loans. The slowdown of lending made it difficult to access loans owing to the panic caused to the lending institutions. This forced these borrowers to decide selling their assets and repaying the loans. However, the assets value had declined compared to when the loans were advanced and thus insufficient money were raised from such sales and the full amount of the loans was unpayable given the income constraints. Further, the increased default rates caused the banks to continue tightening their lending such that investments were completely not possible. Investors confidence had also declined and thus economic activities fell significantly; the US fell into a recession. Lehman Brothers Lehman was a giant investment bank and the 4th largest in the US. In 2003 and 2004 when the housing boom was showing up, this investment bank acquired 5 mortgage lenders. Lehman was accused of creating mortgage backed securities that were toxic and their sales put the financial market at risk (Williams, 2010). According to Alex (2017), this bank filed for bankruptcy in September 15th 2008; it was one of the largest victim of the subprime mortgages and thus argued to have been the major cause of the financial crisis (Cnbc.com, 2010). Its contribution to erosion of market capitalization was close to $ 10 trillion in October 2008. According to Mcdonald (2016), it is the collapse of this investment bank that triggered the global recession. Stock Market Crisis The US stock markets are strongly correlated with other universal related stocks; whenever it is declining, all other stocks declines. After the end of the 2000-02 stock market crush that resulted from the internet boom, the MA was plunged by lenders one again (Nations, 2017). The 2000-02 was the 5th wave of stock market crush whereas the 2004-07 was the 6th wave. The percentage of cash deals rose with this wave and the role played by the LBOs was larger than with the initial waves (Hooke, 2015). The stock market crash caused the deal volume to fall by 60% during the 2007/2008 global financial crisis. According to Amadeo, (2017), a loss in investors confidence is responsible for causing a recession. Dumping of China Treasuries Mees (2012) argued that the American spending binge was prospered by China and not by the US. The US saving rate was around 15% from 2000 to 2006 whereas that for China rose from 38 to 54% during this period. The Chinese are risk-averse and thus their savings are ties to risk-free assets. The savings buildup in China and emerging economies had expanded and caused a depression of interest rate in the whole world from 2004; the US Treasury bonds price rose as there was too much money chasing. Subsequently there was a fall in the interest rate. China and Japan have been the greatest creditors for the US. Fig: US treasuries foreign ownership Source: Gantz (2017) There was a decline in the US treasuries foreign ownership in 2008 which means that there was a reduction of the available credit; this contributed to the financial difficulties. Conclusion The US global recession was caused by the credit crunch; there was a shortage of liquidity for the banks and thus a reduced funding. The financial instability lowered businesss and consumers confidence. There was a negative wealth effect as the house prices fell after the boom. Since the economies are interrelated, the impacts of the US financial crisis were also spread to other economies and this deteriorated the trade system; there was a decline in exports as other economies also felt the financial constraints. There was a significant fall in GDP and the unemployment rate rose. There was a failure of the banks in that they recklessly advanced loans to the risky borrowers without a sufficient cross-check of their ability to repay. The government failure is argued in terms of low regulation on the lending behavior by the financial institutions. The central bank regulates the circulation of money and it could have ensured that the financial institutions did not cause such a big growth in the money supply. Otherwise it can be concluded that the government was more impressed with the growth of the economy that was accelerated by the rising house demand that it failed to look into the impacts that this would have on its future. References Alex (2017). The collapse of Lehman Brothers. [Online] Telegraph.co.uk. Available at: https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financialcrisis/6173145/The-collapse-of-Lehman-Brothers.html [Accessed 13 Sep. 2017]. Amadeo, K. (2017). Causes of Economic Recession. [Online] The Balance. Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/causes-of-economic-recession-3306010 [Accessed 12 Sep. 2017]. Cnbc.com. (2010). Lehman Brothers Art Work under the Hammer. [Online] CNBC. Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/id/38622511 [Accessed 13 Sep. 2017]. Gantz, L. (2017). Market Euphoria, Chinas Dumping of Treasuries Ignite Recession Concerns. [Online] Streetwisereports.com. Available at: https://www.streetwisereports.com/pub/na/market-euphoria-chinas-dumping-of-treasuries-ignite-recession-concerns [Accessed 14 Sep. 2017]. Hooke, J. C. (2015). MA: a practical guide to doing the deal. Hoboken, New Jersey: Wiley. Malinen, T. (2017). Who Caused the Great Recession? [Online] Huffingtonpost.com. Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/tuomas-malinen/who-caused-the-great-rece_b_9805056.html [Accessed 12 Sep. 2017]. Mcdonald, O. (2016). Lehman brothers: A crisis of value. management, Manchester University Press. Mees, H. (2012). How Chinas Boom Caused the Financial Crisis. [Online] Foreign Policy. Available at: https://foreignpolicy.com/2012/01/17/how-chinas-boom-caused-the-financial-crisis/ [Accessed 13 Sep. 2017]. Muddywatermacro.wustl.edu. (n.d.). Causes of the Great Recession. [Online] Available at: https://muddywatermacro.wustl.edu/node/92 [Accessed 13 Sep. 2017]. Nations, S. (2017). A history of the united states in five crashes: Stock Market Meltdowns That Defined a Nation. New York: HarperCollins. Nitta, Y. (2013). What were the primary causes of the Great Recession that started in 2008? [Online] Blogs.yis.ac.jp. Available at: https://blogs.yis.ac.jp/14nittay/2013/02/13/what-were-the-primary-causes-of-the-great-recession-that-started-in-2008/ [Accessed 13 Sep. 2017]. Pettinger, T. (2017). The great recession 2008-13. [Online] Economicshelp.org. Available at: https://www.economicshelp.org/blog/7501/economics/the-great-recession/ [Accessed 12 Sep. 2017]. Positivemoney.org. (2017).Financial Crisis Recession? [Online] Positive Money. Available at: https://positivemoney.org/issues/recessions-crisis/ [Accessed 12 Sep. 2017]. Rosner, H. (2013). What Really Spurred the Great Recession? [Online] Kellogg Insight. Available at: https://insight.kellogg.northwestern.edu/article/what_really_spurred_the_great_recession [Accessed 12 Sep. 2017]. Williams, M. T. (2010). Uncontrolled risk: the lessons of Lehman Brothers and how systemic risk can still bring down the world financial system. New York, McGraw Hill

Interesting Persuasive Essay Topics for Students in 2019

Having trouble starting to write a persuasive essay? Can’t think of interesting persuasive essay topics to write on? To help students like you find debatable topics, we have gathered a wide range of ideas on different subjects and academic levels. Quick Links 1. What is a Persuasive Essay? 2. Persuasive Essay Topics Middle School 3. Persuasive Essay Topics High School 4. Persuasive Essay Topics College 5. Persuasive Essay Topics on Education 6. Persuasive Essay Topics About Animals 7. Funny Persuasive Essay Topics 8. Persuasive Essay Topics 2019 9. Dos and Don’ts of Choosing a Topic 1. What is a Persuasive Essay? Persuasive writing is similar to writing argumentative essays; both use sound reasoning and logic to explain a topic to prove that one point is more credible than the other. The best persuasive essays persuade the reader to agree with a particular point of view, perspective or to take a specific action. Composing a persuasive essay and choosing a persuasive essay topic requires writers to provide solid evidence to support a position. This can be done by stating convincing facts, examples, quotes and giving logical explanations. To help you craft an interesting essay, here are some good persuasive topics for you to choose from. 2. Persuasive Essay Topics Middle School Kindness is beautiful. Do you agree? Pros and Cons of summer classes. School computers must have internet filters. Participation in school sports must be mandatory for students. Bullying in schools requires severe punishments. Should there be any flexibility with the policies for illegal immigrants? Why every school should have a school newspaper. Are we the real culprits of global warming? Do violent video games make children more likely to be violent themselves? The internet was invented to control our lives. Do you disagree? Pros and Cons of having school all year long. Participating in sports must be made compulsory for every student. 3. Persuasive Essay Topics for High School Is it possible for a person to overcome his fear? Should students evaluate their teachers? Is it ok to give extra incentives to students with good grades? What are the pros and cons of using cell phones for academic purposes? The social value of the death penalty in the United States. School college students should wear uniforms. Who in your opinion influences teenager's behavior the most? Why are teen girls influenced by celebrities? Economics rule human behavior. All the arts have become commoditized. Young adults should have the choice to decide on their own whether or not they want to join the army. Facing embarrassing situations in life is necessary to boost people's confidence? 4. Persuasive Essay Topics College It is important to pay more attention towards local crime and terrorism in United States rather than international criminal activities. Do you agree that the feminist movement devalued motherhood? Do you think that the older generation can learn things from today's generation? International exchange program experience I agree is important in shaping a student. Should all college students get a chance to experience fraternity or sorority? Should there be an age limit that teachers can teach? Is taking a gap year from studies a good idea? School students shouldn't get assigned countless academic papers. Reducing paper consumption can benefit the nature largely. Research paper is more effective to learn about the subject than exams. 5. Persuasive Essay Topics on Education Should churches pay property taxes to support schools? Teachers should also have to go through professional tests like students. Social media should be banned in school premises. Is getting a college degree worth its price? How is home education better than studying at a school? It shouldn't be legal for students under 18 to drop out of school. Students with good attendance must be rewarded. Students with good academic results must get the opportunity to go to college free of cost. Government shouldn't have a say in how students should be taught. Making education sector free can decrease poverty rates. Is that true? All students should be taught computer programming in school. 6. Persuasive Essay Topics About Animals Do you agree with the statement "Animal testing is a necessary evil?" People shouldn't be allowed to keep exotic animals as pets. Zoos are useful for wildlife conservation. Zoo animals should be harvested for food. Is creating hybrids by breeding stray dogs and cats okay? What is the best way to train a dog: rewards or punishments? Is it beneficial to give cows drugs to increase their milk supply? Using animal skin to make coats and bags is unethical. Reforestation is the only way to save animals from becoming extinct. Conserving endangered species is much more essential than conservation of other animals. Animal abuse is a result of an uneducated owner. 7. Funny Persuasive Essay Topics What would happen if unicorns took over the world? The worst movie in the world. The worst social network site. Why does the beach have tanning booths? Good video game skills can land you a job. Why do you enjoy getting spam email more than actual email? Is it true that wearing braces scares off strangers? Playing with Barbie dolls can change your life. How to look busy and do nothing at work. Do you agree with the statement "Boys gossip more than girls do?" We should blame our horoscope for things that have gone wrong in our lives. To get a perspective on life and what it is about, we should spend time with a kid. 8. Persuasive Essay Topics 2019 Should the jury system be eradicated? Biological weapons should be banned. The next generations should live on Mars. Is governmental surveillance a good thing? Children under 18 shouldn't be allowed to buy contraceptives. Teen moms should be made to go to classes that encourage them to get married. Sex education should occur at home. Educating women is a waste of resources. Everyone should have free access to the internet in today's day and age. Theoretical subjects should be decreased and students should study more practical courses to learn things. Punishment for cutting school should be made much worse. Parents who smoke shouldn't tell their kids about its harmful effects. Did you find a topic that is interesting enough for you to write on? If not, then, give our essay topic generator a try and find a wide range of good persuasive topics for your essay. 9. Dos and Don'ts of Choosing a Topic Writing your persuasive essay means more than simply arguing the facts. You need to settle on a persuasive essay topic that allows you to present the best possible case. You won't be able to do that if you write a persuasive essay on a topic that is: emotionally-charged complex too familiar not interesting for the target audience factual and you avoid analysis or reasoning Here's what you should do when choosing your topic: Take a stand Check for evidence and facts Make a list of specific ideas Outline the purpose of your essay Choose an accessible Topic Find a topic with an edge Persuasive essay writing assignment can be a difficult task to do, especially when you are a beginner. To crack the basics, you must follow some steps. If you want to learn about them in-depth, head on to our blog on "How to write a persuasive essay" 10. Get Professional Help Hopefully, you have decided on a topic by this point and are heading towards the writing process. If you're overwhelmed by the requirements of writing a persuasive and argumentative paper, or you're short on time, we are here to help. 5staressays being one of the top essay writing service has professional essay writers who are experts at delivering high quality academic writing in the most affordable prices. Unlike other fraudulent companies, we provide completely transparent services. And staying on this website means you agree to our terms and privacy policy which protects your personal information. If you want to achieve academic excellence, contact us today!

Freud Essays (4422 words) - Freudian Psychology, Dora, Sigmund Freud

Freud Sigmund Freud was the first of six children to be born into his middle class, Jewish family. His father was a wool merchant, and was the provider for the family. From the time Freud was a child, he pondered theories in math, science, and philosophy, but in his teens, he took a deep interest in what he later called psychoanalysis. He wanted to discover how a person's mind works, so he began to explore the conscious and unconscious parts of one's psyche. Freud's parents and siblings were directly involved in allowing him to pursue this unexplored area of psychology. He was given his own room so that he could study his books in silence, and was only disturbed when it was time to eat. Freud eventually married Martha Bernays. She was cooperative and completely subservient to her husband. She was simply filling a role that the society during that time insisted was proper for all women. Freud himself derived his attitudes toward women and his beliefs about the roles of individual sexes from personal experiences in the strict culture of the time. In the middle to late eighteen hundreds, Central European society distinguished clearly between the roles of men and women. Cultural norms dictated that men be responsible for work outside of the home, and the financial well being of the family, while the women's responsibilities were in the home and with the children. With these specific gender roles came the assumption of male dominance and female submission. Females were pictured as serene, calm, creatures that were lucky to have the love and protection of their superior husbands. It is in this form of the family where most children first learn the meaning and practice of hierarchical, authoritarian rule. Here is where they learn to accept group oppression against themselves as non-adults, and where they learn to accept male supremacy and the group oppression of women. Here is where they learn that it is the male's role to work in the community and control the economic life of the family and to mete out the physical and financial punishments and rewards, and the female's role to provide the emotional warmth associated with motherhood while under the economic rule of the male. Here is where the relationship of superordination-subordination, or superior-inferior, or master-slave is first learned and accepted as "natural." -John Hodge: Feminist Theory P.36 Philosophical definitions of women, written about by male philosophers, share warped views that were the result of the cultural times and places from which they originated. The view that women are somewhat "less" than men in many respects, began with the philosophies of Aristotle in the fourth century BC. Since Aristotle was one of the most influential philosophers of ancient Greece, he had a widespread impact on the thinking of many people. Christian theologians in ancient Europe rediscovered his theories. Aristotle believed that a woman's part in conception was to supply the container in which the seed, planted by the male, grows. Aristotle said, "We should look on the female as being as it were a deformity, though one which occurs in the ordinary course of nature." Although we know now that Aristotle was mistaken in his biological interpretation of the female gender, his philosophies had a long-term impact on the perception of women from a non-biological perspective. A few philosophers, such as Plato (427-347 BC), Condorcet (1743-1794), and John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) had opinions that opposed Aristotle and inherently supported women's rights, but females are still struggling to prove to the opposite sex that we are not "defective men." In fact, women were seen as inferior since the time of Aristotle and throughout Freud's lifetime because they did not have penises. It seems that it could also be argued that men lack the clitoris and instead have an elongated and inefficient organ of a similar kind. These two points depend, of course, on point of view, but the ancient philosophers did obviously not take the female point of view into consideration. A vast amount of Aristotelian views are present in Freud's beliefs. The biological "reasons" given by the ancient philosophers for specific social roles are somewhat incomplete. It seemed fairly logical for women to have the natural role of caring for children because she gives birth to them, but there was no biological explanation for the assumptions that women were less important as human beings, of lesser worth, naturally passive, or should be ruled by men. Simply because women give birth to babies, it has somehow been assumed that we are confined to roles as mothers

Glaobal Warming essays

Glaobal Warming essays Scientists have predicted that the earths climate will change because human activities are altering the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the buildup of greenhouse gases primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The global warming property of these gases is undisputed although uncertainty exists about exactly how earths climate responds to them. Like many fields of scientific study, there are uncertainties associated with the science of global warming. This does not imply that all things are equally uncertain. Some aspects of the science of global warming are based on well-known physical laws and documented trends, while other aspects range from near certainty to big unknowns. Global warming is not as serious of a threat as scientists are stating. There is no doubt that the atmospheric buildup of greenhouse gases is largely the result of human activities. By increasing the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, human activities are strengthening Earths natural greenhouse effect. Figuring out to what extent the human-induced accumulation of greenhouse gases since pre-industrial times is responsible for the global warming trend is not easy though. This is because other factors, both natural and human, affect our planets temperature. Scientific understanding of these other factorsmost notably natural climate variations, cooling effects of atmospheric particles such as sulfates, changes in the suns energy, and the cooling effects of pollutant aerosolsremains incomplete. To project future climate patterns, scientists use computer simulations of the interactions among land, air, water, ice, and sunlight. These general circulation models, or GCMs, consist of equations representing the known laws of atmospheric physics and ocean circulation (Monastersky 1). A perfect model, if given enough information about conditions on earth several hundred ye...

Ancient Egypt essays

Ancient Egypt essays I first began my research at the Smithsonian Institute National Museum of Natural History. Ancient Egyptian history covers a period of over three thousand years. Most modern countries histories are only hundreds of years old. Only China can come anywhere near this in term of historical continuity. Egyptian culture declined and disappeared nearly two thousand years ago. The last trace of this culture ceased to exist in AD 391 when the Byzantine Emperor Theodosius I closed all pagan temples throughout the Roman Empire. It wasnt until Napoleon's invasion of Egypt in 1798 that the marvelous artifacts of the Egyptians were seen in Europe and their ancient culture began to awaken from its long slumber. Daily life in ancient Egypt flourished around the Nile and the fertile land along its banks. The yearly flooding of the Nile enriched the soil and brought good harvests and wealth to the land. The people of ancient Egypt built mud brick homes in villages and in the country. They grew some of their own food and traded in the villages for the food and goods they could not produce. Most ancient Egyptians worked as farmers, field hands, scribes and craftsmen. There were however a small group of people who were nobles. The ancient Egyptians thought of Egypt as being divided into two types of land, the 'black land' and the 'red land'. The 'black land' was the fertile land on the banks of the Nile. The ancient Egyptians used this land for growing their crops. This was the only land in ancient Egypt that could be farmed because a layer of rich, black silt was deposited there every year after the Nile flooded. The 'red land' was the barren desert that protected Egypt on two sides. These deserts separated ancient Egypt from neighboring countries and invading armies. They also provided the ancient Egyptians with a source for precious metals and semi-precious stones. The ancient Egyptians believed that mummifying a person's body after...